Assessment of five culture media for the growth and isolation of. In 1976, light was shed on these unidentified bacilli when bobo and newton described a man who developed septicemia and meningitis after. Capnocytophaga is a genus of gramnegative bacteria. Capnocytophaga canimorsus is a slowgrowing, fastidious gramnegative bacillus. Whole genome sequencing identifies a novel species of the genus capnocytophaga. Capnocytophaga canimorsus is a commensal bacterium found in the saliva of 1624% of dogs and 17% of cats 1, 2. Capnocytophaga, streptobacillus, gram negatives flashcards. Capnocytophaga species cause rare but severe infection in humans.
Full text full text is available as a scanned copy of the original print version. The source of bacteraemia was very likely to be her household pet, an italian greyhound. It is a slowly growing gramnegative bacillus that has been implicated in a variety of disorders including sepsis, meningitis, thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura, and endocarditis 38. Capnocytophaga gingivalis, capnocytophaga granulose, and capnocytophaga heamolytica. Microscopy of capnocytophaga sputigena, capnocytophaga gingivalis, and. Normally found in the oropharyngeal tract of mammals, they are involved in the pathogenesis of some animal bite wounds and periodontal diseases. Capnocytophaga species are facultatively anaerobic gramnegative bacilli that are part of the normal oral flora, and it has been suggested that bloodstream infections develop when. The first case of the infection in humans was reported by bobo and newton in 1976. Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans, capnocytophaga and. Capnocytophaga is the name of a group of gramnegative bacteria that live in the mouth of some animals and humans. Lipopolysaccharides from periodontopathic bacteria porphyromonas gingivalis and capnocytophaga ochracea are antagonists for human tolllike receptor 4. Lin after 1961, a number of previously unidentified gramnegative bacilli were referred to the centers for disease control and prevention. Capnocytophaga sputigena bacteremia in a neutropenic host.
Gingival crevicular fluid inflammation immunoglobulin g. Nucleotide sequences of 16s rrna encoding genes from capnocytophaga ochracea atcc 33596, capnocytophaga sputigena atcc 33612 and capnocytophaga gingivalis atcc 33624. Laboratory strains representative of capnocytophaga sputigena, c. All structured data from the file and property namespaces is available under the creative commons cc0 license. Capnocytophaga gingivalis bacteremia detected only on quantitative blood cultures in a child with leukemia. Available formats pdf please select a format to send. Atypical infections with fastidious organisms may take more than 4 days to diagnose leading to calls for improved methods for rapidly diagnosing sepsis. A 70yearold caucasian woman was treated for capnocytophaga canimorsus septicaemia. The word element capno in the bacteriums name refers to its ability to survive in high levels of carbon dioxide. The genus capnocytophaga includes three bacterial species.
Capnocytophaga sputigena bacteremia in a patient with. The frequency with which these bacteria have been isolated in large patient series ranges from 0. Get a printable copy pdf file of the complete article 637k, or click on a page image below to browse page by page. A patient with bacteraemia and possible endocarditis. It retrieves nacetylglucosamine, a compound it needs for its outer layer, from the components of the saliva of cats and dogs. Isolation of capnocytophaga granulosa from an abscess in. Capnocytophaga species are facultative anaerobic, capnophilic, fusiform, gramnegative bacilli exhibiting gliding motility.
Some species are very similar, and biochemical analysis may not sufficiently differentiate at the species level. Most people who have contact with a dog or cat do not become sick. Many kinds of bacteria germs called capnocytophaga live in the mouths of dogs and cats. In addition, they are opportunistic pathogens associated with periodontal diseases and animal bites, causing systemic infection in both immunocompetent and immunocompromised hosts 2, 3. The patient presented with a presumed complex partial seizure but deteriorated rapidly with sepsis and multiorgan dysfunction. Capnocytophaga cause serious infection, particularly in immunocompromised patients. Capnocytophaga information for healthcare professionals.
We present two cases of infection caused by capnocytophaga ochracea. Nucleotide sequences of 16s rrna encoding genes from. Pdf identification of capnocytophaga species from oral cavity of. The format of our pdbstyle files is described here. Involvement of luxs in biofilm formation by capnocytophaga. Click to download the pdbstyle file with coordinates for d5wtpa1.
The fatty acid profiles of the 22 cultures were essentially identical and were characterized by major amounts 60% or greater of a saturated, iso. Microscopy of capnocytophaga sputigena, capnocytophaga gingivalis, and capnocytophaga ochracea. The discovery and naming of capnocytophaga canimorsus jonathan y. The isolated bacterium was capnocytophaga canimorsus, a slowgrowing gramnegative bacillus commonly found in dog saliva. Rapid diagnosis of capnocytophaga canimorsus septic shock. Sensitivity of capnocytophaga species to bactericidal. In immunocompetent hosts, these capnocytophaga species are occasionally involved in localized, mostly polymicrobial infections 4, 5. Capnocytophaga are a genus of bacteria that have been found to be the causative organisms in a range of infections, including serious conditions such as bacteraemia, endocarditis and meningitis. Although several species are known to cause human disease. A gramnegative, microaerophilic, co2requiring gliding bacillus, which is found in normal oral flora and an opportunistic pathogen.
Many capnocytophaga germs are normal bacteria commonly found in the mouths of people, dogs, and cats. Pneumonia and sepsis due to fluoroquinoloneresistant. We report a case of pneumonia confirmed by culture of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid and sepsis due to fluoroquinolone resistant capnocytophaga gingivalis in a. Clinical findings c gingivalis may cause periodontal disease or, in immune compromised hosts e. Files are available under licenses specified on their description page.
Capnocytophaga are gramnegative, facultative anaerobic bacteria. Levels of actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans, capnocytophaga and porphyromonas gingivalis were determined in subgingival plaque samples from 37 adolescents with downs syndrome and 37 healthy controls matched with respect to age and sex. The genus consists of seven species, namely capnocytophaga gingivalis, c. National surveillance for capnocytophaga species is not performed in the united states. Molecularlevel evaluation of selected periodontal pathogens from. The discovery and naming of capnocytophaga canimorsus. To view the entire topic, please sign in or purchase a subscription official website of the johns hopkins antibiotic abx, hiv, diabetes, and psychiatry guides, powered by unbound medicine. Nevertheless, neutropenia can cause bacteremia associated with mucositis, with lower rates of mortality. The role of capnocytophaga species in oral health and disease is not well studied. Microorganism capnocytophaga gingivalis 2010 infection and.
Get a printable copy pdf file of the complete article 174k. Rapid diagnosis and appropriate treatment is imperative in bacterial sepsis due increasing risk of mortality with every hour without appropriate antibiotic therapy. Capnocytophaga sputigena atcc 33612 and capnocytophaga gingivalis atcc 33624. Bacteremia caused by capnocytophaga species in patients. Any clinician seeing patients with a history of dog bitesaliva contact and progressive illness. Porphyromonas gingivalis belongs to the phylum bacteroidetes and is a nonmotile, gramnegative, rodshaped, anaerobic, pathogenic bacterium. View enhanced pdf access article on wiley online library html view download pdf for offline viewing. Capnocytophaga gingivalis definition of capnocytophaga. Capnocytophaga cynodegmi and38 capnocytophaga canimorsus latin canis dog and latin morsus bite are part of the oral microbiota39 of canines and more rarely of cats. Automated blood culture systems may not identify capnocytophaga spp. The cellular fatty acid composition of 18 clinical isolates and 4 reference strains of capnocytophaga species capnocytophaga ochracea, capnocytophaga gingivalis, and capnocytophaga sputigena was determined by gasliquid chromatography. It is found in the oral cavity, where it is implicated in periodontal disease, as well as in the upper gastrointestinal tract, the respiratory tract and the colon.
Find out information about capnocytophaga canimorsus. Download as pptx, pdf, txt or read online from scribd. A case is presented of a lifethreatening septicaemia and associated peripheral necrosing microembolic phenomenon, resulting from a dog lick to an insignificant burn wound. Four cases of capnocytophaga lung infection were reported, including three infections involving c. Resistance of capnocytophaga canimorsus to killing by. Capnocytophaga is a newly described genus of gramnegative bacteria which can cause serious oral and extraoral infections in the susceptible host. Another complex significantly influencing the course of periodontal disease is the green complex e. Capnocytophaga canimorsus is the species most commonly involved in zoonotic.
While empirical therapy with betalactams is generally effective, there is concern about the emergence of bacterial resistance. Capnocytophaga canimorsus article about capnocytophaga. Capnocytophaga ochracea, capnocytophaga sputigena, and capnocytophaga gingivalis. It was recently shown that these bacteria do not elicit an inflammatory response h. Pdf lipopolysaccharides from periodontopathic bacteria. Septic arthritis involving capnocytophaga ochracea. Ppt powerpoint slide png larger image tiff original. Microbial pathogenicity blackpigmented bacteroides species. Bacteria of the genus capnocytophaga are recently recognised pathogens which may cause oral disease and subsequent septicaemia in the immunocompromised host. Capnocytophaga species are a rare cause of bacteremia in patients with neutropenia and cancer.
Capnocytophaga is a genus encompassing a group of slowgrowing, capnophilic. In the present study, sensitivity of capnocytophaga spp. They are facultatively anaerobic and require enrichment with co2 510% for optimum growth capnophilic. Gingival crevicular fluid free download as powerpoint presentation. The ability of lysozyme to aggregate and lyse the gramnegative capnophilic periodontal microorganism. Neither scratch nor bite was established, although close petting including. Links to pubmed are also available for selected references. What is capnocytophaga how common is capnocytophaga. Capnocytophaga canimorsus is a bacterium of the canine oral flora known since 1976 to cause rare but severe septicemia and peripheral gangrene in patients that have been in contact with a dog. Capnocytophaga species belong to the oral microbiota but are not a common cause of infection in febrile neutropenia. These germs sometimes cause opportunistic infections, which means under the right conditions they can cause an infection, such as in a person with a weakened immune system people with weakened immune systems include those who. Capnocytophaga canimorsus mechanisms of pathogenicity. Microscopy of capnocytophaga sputigena, capnocytophaga ncbi.
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